Unit 4: Types of Matter |
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Regents Core Curriculum
- Matter is classified as a pure substance or as a mixture of substances. (3.1q)
- Elements can be classified by their properties and located on the Periodic Table as metals, nonmetals, metalloids (B, Si, Ge, As, Sb, Te), and noble gases. (3.1v)
- Elements can be differentiated by their physical properties. Physical properties of substances, such as density, conductivity, malleability, solubility, and hardness, differ among elements. (3.1w)
- Elements can be differentiated by chemical properties. Chemical properties describe how an element behaves during a chemical reaction. (3.1x)
- Some elements exist in two or more forms in the same phase. These forms differ in their molecular or crystal structure, and hence in their properties. (5.2f)
- Compounds can be differentiated by their chemical and physical properties. (3.1dd)
- A pure substance (element or compound) has a constant composition and constant properties throughout a given sample, and from sample to sample. (3.1r)
- Elements are substances that are composed of atoms that have the same atomic number. Elements cannot be broken down by chemical change. (3.1u)
- Mixtures are composed of two or more different substances that can be separated by physical means. When different substances are mixed together, a homogeneous or heterogeneous mixture is formed. (3.1s)
- The proportions of components in a mixture can be varied. Each component in a mixture retains its original properties. (3.1t)
- Differences in properties such as density, particle size, molecular polarity, boiling point and freezing point, and solubility permit physical separation of the components of the mixture. (3.1nn)
- A solution is a homogeneous mixture of a solute dissolved in a solvent. The solubility of a solute in a given amount of solvent is dependent on the temperature, the pressure, and the chemical natures of the solute and solvent. (3.1oo)
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- Elements can be classified by their properties and located on the Periodic Table as metals, nonmetals, metalloids (B, Si, Ge, As, Sb, Te), and noble gases. (3.1v)
- Elements can be differentiated by their physical properties. Physical properties of substances, such as density, conductivity, malleability, solubility, and hardness, differ among elements. (3.1w)
- Elements can be differentiated by chemical properties. Chemical properties describe how an element behaves during a chemical reaction. (3.1x)
- Some elements exist in two or more forms in the same phase. These forms differ in their molecular or crystal structure, and hence in their properties. (5.2f)
- A compound is a substance composed of two or more different elements that are chemically combined in a fixed proportion. A chemical compound can be broken down by chemical means. A chemical compound can be represented by a specific chemical formula and assigned a name based on the IUPAC system. (3.1cc)
- Two major categories of compounds are ionic and molecular (covalent) compounds. (5.2g)
- Metals tend to react with nonmetals to form ionic compounds. Nonmetals tend to react with other nonmetals to form molecular (covalent) compounds. Ionic compounds containing polyatomic ions have both ionic and covalent bonding.
- An electrolyte is a substance which, when dissolved in water, forms a solution capable of conducting an electric current. The ability of a solution to conduct an electric current depends on the concentration of ions. (3.1rr)
